State Election Round 15 (2021–2025)
Popular Vote vs Seats
How closely each coalition's seats match its popular vote — the Gallagher disproportionality index, the winner's bonus and the effective number of parties (ENP) over time.
Gallagher index30.19▲ 14.30 vs previous
Effective parties (votes)1.81▼ 0.47 vs previous
Effective parties (seats)1.00▼ 0.75 vs previous
Winner's bonus+31.5 ptsPN
How to read this
- PN won 68.5% of the votes but 100.0% of the seats.
- Gallagher index 30.2: 0 means seats match votes exactly; above 10 indicates high disproportionality (common under first-past-the-post).
- The effective number of parties by votes is 1.8 — roughly how many serious contenders there really were.
Vote % vs seat % (%) State Election Round 15 (2021–2025) · Terengganu
Gallagher index Lower = more proportional
Effective number of parties (ENP) Laakso–Taagepera: 1 ÷ Σ(share²)
Votes & seats breakdown — State Election Round 15 (2021–2025)
| Coalition | Contested | Votes | % votes | Won | % seats | Gap (pts) | Vote % vs seat % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PN Profile | 32 | 473,027 | 68.5% | 32 | 100.0% | +31.5 | |
| BN Profile | 27 | 197,972 | 28.7% | 0 | 0.0% | -28.7 | |
| PH Profile | 5 | 19,216 | 2.8% | 0 | 0.0% | -2.8 | |
| Independent / no coalition | 2 | 552 | 0.1% | 0 | 0.0% | -0.1 |
Indices for each election
| GE | Gallagher index | Effective parties (votes) | Effective parties (seats) | Winner's bonus |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| State Election Round 15 (2021–2025) | 30.19 | 1.81 | 1.00 | +31.5 |
| State Election Round 14 (2018–2020) | 15.89 | 2.28 | 1.75 | +18.2 |
| State Election Round 13 (2013–2018) | 1.55 | 2.02 | 1.99 | +1.8 |
| State Election Round 12 (2008–2021) | 19.97 | 1.98 | 1.60 | +20.0 |
| State Election Round 11 (2004–2016) | 25.21 | 1.97 | 1.44 | +25.2 |
| State Election Round 10 (1999–2011) | 29.21 | 1.95 | 1.28 | +29.2 |
| State Election Round 9 (1995–2006) | 22.63 | 1.98 | 1.52 | +22.7 |
| State Election Round 8 (1990–2001) | 14.16 | 2.01 | 1.75 | +14.5 |
| State Election Round 7 (1986–1996) | 32.92 | 2.00 | 1.21 | +32.2 |
| State Election Round 6 (1982–1991) | 25.47 | 1.97 | 1.42 | +25.5 |
| State Election Round 5 (1978–1987) | 40.60 | 1.97 | 1.07 | +40.6 |
| State Election Round 4 (1974–1983) | 32.62 | 1.86 | 1.07 | +32.6 |
| State Election Round 3 (1969–1979) | 4.87 | 2.00 | 1.99 | +4.9 |
| State Election Round 2 (1964–1974) | 30.57 | 2.11 | 1.28 | +32.3 |
| State Election Round 1 (1959–1969) | 12.30 | 2.21 | 1.70 | +14.2 |
Popular vote counts contested seats only; seats won unopposed count only as seats. "Independent / no coalition" includes non-aligned parties.