GE-1 (1959)
Popular Vote vs Seats
How closely each coalition's seats match its popular vote — the Gallagher disproportionality index, the winner's bonus and the effective number of parties (ENP) over time.
Gallagher index14.20▲ 2.14 vs previous
Effective parties (votes)2.23▲ 0.96 vs previous
Effective parties (seats)1.60▲ 0.60 vs previous
Winner's bonus+15.8 ptsPERIKATAN
How to read this
- PERIKATAN won 59.2% of the votes but 75.0% of the seats.
- Gallagher index 14.2: 0 means seats match votes exactly; above 10 indicates high disproportionality (common under first-past-the-post).
- The effective number of parties by votes is 2.2 — roughly how many serious contenders there really were.
Vote % vs seat % (%) GE-1 (1959) · Melaka
Gallagher index Lower = more proportional
Effective number of parties (ENP) Laakso–Taagepera: 1 ÷ Σ(share²)
Votes & seats breakdown — GE-1 (1959)
| Coalition | Contested | Votes | % votes | Won | % seats | Gap (pts) | Vote % vs seat % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PERIKATAN Profile | 4 | 44,186 | 59.2% | 3 | 75.0% | +15.8 | |
| Independent / no coalition | 5 | 21,794 | 29.2% | 1 | 25.0% | -4.2 | |
| SF Profile | 2 | 8,684 | 11.6% | 0 | 0.0% | -11.6 |
Indices for each election
| GE | Gallagher index | Effective parties (votes) | Effective parties (seats) | Winner's bonus |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GE-15 (2022) | 26.18 | 3.00 | 2.00 | +19.1 |
| GE-14 (2018) | 11.99 | 2.31 | 1.80 | +13.8 |
| GE-13 (2013) | 12.86 | 1.99 | 1.80 | +12.9 |
| GE-12 (2008) | 25.87 | 1.96 | 1.38 | +25.9 |
| GE-11 (2004) | 24.57 | 1.81 | 1.00 | +28.4 |
| GE-10 (1999) | 23.25 | 1.96 | 1.47 | +23.2 |
| GE-9 (1995) | 11.77 | 1.94 | 1.47 | +12.2 |
| GE-8 (1990) | 21.04 | 2.24 | 1.47 | +19.5 |
| GE-7 (1986) | 18.73 | 2.20 | 1.47 | +21.6 |
| GE-6 (1982) | 8.56 | 1.80 | 1.60 | +8.6 |
| GE-5 (1978) | 19.32 | 1.97 | 1.60 | +19.3 |
| GE-4 (1974) | 12.50 | 1.88 | 1.60 | +12.5 |
| GE-3 (1969) | 26.22 | 2.00 | 1.60 | +26.2 |
| GE-2 (1964) | 30.91 | 1.94 | 1.00 | +33.8 |
| GE-1 (1959) | 14.20 | 2.23 | 1.60 | +15.8 |
| Federal Legislative Council 1955 | 12.05 | 1.27 | 1.00 | +12.1 |
Popular vote counts contested seats only; seats won unopposed count only as seats. "Independent / no coalition" includes non-aligned parties.