GE-8 (1990)
Popular Vote vs Seats
How closely each coalition's seats match its popular vote — the Gallagher disproportionality index, the winner's bonus and the effective number of parties (ENP) over time.
Gallagher index20.78▼ 19.03 vs previous
Effective parties (votes)1.99▲ 0.07 vs previous
Effective parties (seats)1.60▲ 0.60 vs previous
Winner's bonus+20.9 ptsBN
How to read this
- BN won 54.1% of the votes but 75.0% of the seats.
- Gallagher index 20.8: 0 means seats match votes exactly; above 10 indicates high disproportionality (common under first-past-the-post).
- The effective number of parties by votes is 2.0 — roughly how many serious contenders there really were.
Vote % vs seat % (%) GE-8 (1990) · Terengganu
Gallagher index Lower = more proportional
Effective number of parties (ENP) Laakso–Taagepera: 1 ÷ Σ(share²)
Votes & seats breakdown — GE-8 (1990)
| Coalition | Contested | Votes | % votes | Won | % seats | Gap (pts) | Vote % vs seat % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BN Profile | 8 | 141,561 | 54.1% | 6 | 75.0% | +20.9 | |
| APU Profile | 8 | 119,494 | 45.7% | 2 | 25.0% | -20.7 | |
| Independent / no coalition | 2 | 565 | 0.2% | 0 | 0.0% | -0.2 |
Indices for each election
| GE | Gallagher index | Effective parties (votes) | Effective parties (seats) | Winner's bonus |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GE-15 (2022) | 34.99 | 2.03 | 1.00 | +37.6 |
| GE-14 (2018) | 22.14 | 2.37 | 1.60 | +25.3 |
| GE-13 (2013) | 1.49 | 2.00 | 2.00 | -1.4 |
| GE-12 (2008) | 32.31 | 1.98 | 1.28 | +32.4 |
| GE-11 (2004) | 43.54 | 1.97 | 1.00 | +43.5 |
| GE-10 (1999) | 41.27 | 1.94 | 1.00 | +41.3 |
| GE-9 (1995) | 32.79 | 1.98 | 1.28 | +32.8 |
| GE-8 (1990) | 20.78 | 1.99 | 1.60 | +20.9 |
| GE-7 (1986) | 39.81 | 1.92 | 1.00 | +39.8 |
| GE-6 (1982) | 42.59 | 1.96 | 1.00 | +42.6 |
| GE-5 (1978) | 41.63 | 1.95 | 1.00 | +41.6 |
| GE-4 (1974) | 35.45 | 1.84 | 1.00 | +35.4 |
| GE-3 (1969) | 16.68 | 2.00 | 1.80 | +16.7 |
| GE-2 (1964) | 24.84 | 2.11 | 1.38 | +26.8 |
| GE-1 (1959) | 21.21 | 1.92 | 1.38 | +21.6 |
| Federal Legislative Council 1955 | 15.13 | 1.35 | 1.00 | +15.1 |
Popular vote counts contested seats only; seats won unopposed count only as seats. "Independent / no coalition" includes non-aligned parties.